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  • May 2021 Newsletter
 
A strict policy on fertility effects every aspect of economic life
View this email online
IZA World of Labor logo

How does the one child policy impact social and economic outcomes?

 

How does the one child policy impact social and economic outcomes?

The 20th century witnessed the birth of modern family planning and its effects on the fertility of hundreds of millions of couples around the world. In 1979, China formally initiated one of the world’s strictest family planning programs—the “one child policy” (OCP). Despite its obvious significance, the policy has been significantly understudied. Data limitations and a lack of detailed documentation have hindered researchers. However, it appears clear that the policy has affected China’s economy and society in ways that extend well beyond its fertility rate.
 

By comparing the results of the existing literature and ongoing studies in China to those in other countries, it appears that the OCP has had a large and persistent impact on many aspects of society. Investigating these impacts may shed light on related issues in other realms of research, such as economics, demographics, and sociology.


OCP has curbed the potentially problematic population boom in China, though researchers disagree as to how much of that should be attributed to the policy, and it has possibly increased human capital accumulation. But, it has also brought with it problems, such as an unbalanced sex ratio, increased crime, and individual dissatisfaction toward the government.

Since 2010, the government has loosened the policy restrictions. In late 2013, China’s government started the “selective two child policy” which allowed couples to have two children if one member of the couple has no siblings. In November 2015, the government ended the OCP and started the “universal two child policy.” Although the OCP has now been terminated, there are many important questions that have yet to be answered. 

Continue reading
 
 

Read related articles:

  • The quantity–quality fertility–education trade-off (Deutsch) by Haoming Liu

  • The Chinese labor market, 2000–2016 (Deutsch) (Español) by Junsen Zhang and Jia Wu

 
 

Watch the third video of our new series of conversations on discrimination, inequality and the labor market:

Racial wage differentials in developed countries

Racial wage differentials in developed countries

Simonetta Longhi in discussion with Daniel S. Hamermesh

 

Read IZA World of Labor articles relating to the discussion:

  • Racial wage differentials in developed countries (Deutsch) by Simonetta Longhi

 
 

Latest articles

Income inequality and social origins

Income inequality and social origins
(Deutsch) by Lorenzo Cappellari

 

The impact of legalizing unauthorized immigrants

The impact of legalizing
unauthorized immigrants

(Deutsch) by Cynthia Bansak and Sarah Pearlman

 

  • Immigrants in the classroom and effects on native children (Deutsch) by Peter Jensen

  • Inequality and informality in transition and emerging countries (Deutsch) by Roberto Dell’Anno

  • Low-wage employment (Deutsch) by Claus Schnabel

  • Disability and labor market outcomes (Deutsch) by Melanie Jones

  • The value of language skills (Deutsch) (Español) by Gilles Grenier and Weiguo Zhang

  • Do labor costs affect companies’ demand for labor? (Deutsch) (Español) by Daniel S. Hamermesh

  • Statistical profiling of unemployed jobseekers (Deutsch) (Español) by Bert van Landeghem, Sam Desiere and Ludo Struyven

  • Correspondence testing studies (Deutsch) (Español) by Dan-Olof Rooth

Lesen auf Deutsch 
  Leer en espanol  
 
 

Latest opinion pieces:

The challenging plight of widows

The challenging plight of widows

To increase widow's well-being, policies are required that help them become more involved with society.

International trade restrictions and the impact on GDP

International trade restrictions and the impact on GDP: An interview with L. Alan Winters

Editor-in-Chief Daniel S. Hamermesh questions Professor L. Alan Winters about restricting international trade, the consequences for GDP, and the effects of Brexit in the UK.

Job search during a pandemic recession

Job search during a pandemic recession

Understanding job search is crucial to forming a complete picture of this extraordinary economic event and could provide valuable insights for economic policy making in future pandemic-induced recessions.

What does the Covid-19 R&D response tell us about innovation?

What does the Covid-19 R&D response tell us about innovation?

How did the supply of innovation respond to the new need for vaccines, treatments, and diagnostics?

Helping the poor to comply with social distancing

Helping the poor to comply with social distancing

Confinement measures need to be accompanied by adequate compensation for economically disadvantaged groups, and relief measures must also be designed in light of their potential impact on social distancing.

Read more opinion articles
 
 

Labor economics in the news:

Older Americans are not delaying retirement despite the pandemic

Older Americans are not delaying retirement despite the pandemic

Pew Charitable Trusts' survey has found that only 16% of those who participated are planning to retire later than expected due to the pandemic.

Strike over job losses begins at University of Liverpool

Strike over job losses begins at University of Liverpool

Around 1,300 staff at the University of Liverpool have started a three-week strike as a form of protest at the announced job cuts.

Australia’s unemployment rate is falling after JobKeeper ends

Australia’s unemployment rate is falling after JobKeeper ends

JobKeeper was Australia’s government answer to help keep more Australians in jobs as well as support businesses that were affected by Covid-19.

Long working hours increase deaths from heart disease and stroke

Long working hours increase deaths from heart disease and stroke

The latest estimates from the WHO and ILO show long working hours led to 745,000 deaths from stroke and ischemic heart disease in 2016, a 29% increase since 2000.

500 global firms agree to put disability inclusion on their boardroom agendas

500 global firms agree to put disability inclusion on their boardroom agendas

500 global CEOs and their companies have agreed to create the world’s largest community for disability business inclusion.

Read more news
 
 

Upcoming events:

 

  • 17th IZA Annual Migration Meeting, May 28-29 2021 - Online

  • 8th IZA Workshop: Environment, Health and Labor Markets, June 17-18 2021 - Online

  • 4th IZA/Higher School of Economics Workshop: Thirty Years after the Fall of the Iron Curtain: The Contribution of Labor Market Adjustment to Transition and Convergence, June 30 2021 - Online 

  • First IZA Workshop: Climate Change and Labor Markets, July 05 2021 - Online

  • 20th IZA/SOLE Transatlantic Meeting of Labor Economists (TAM), July 08-09 2021 - Online 

  • IZA Workshop: Labor Market Institutions, September 03-04 2021 - Online 

  • World Employment Conference 2020: Steering a labour market in transformation, September 07-08 2021 - Madrid, Spain 

  • 33rd Annual Conference of the European Association of Labour Economists, September 16-18 2021 - Padua, Italy 

  • 4th IDSC of IZA Workshop: Matching Workers and Jobs Online - New Developments and Opportunities for Social Science and Practice, October 08 2021 - Online

View all upcoming events
 
 

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