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References for How do candidates’ looks affect their election chances?
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Further reading
- Antonakis, J., Dalgas, O. "Predicting elections: Child’s play!" Science 323:5918 (2009): 1183.
- Poutvaara, P., Jordahl, H., Berggren, N. "Faces of politicians: Babyfacedness predicts inferred competence but not electoral success" Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 45:5 (2009): 1132–1135.
- Praino, R., Stockemer, D., Ratis, J. "Looking good or looking competent? Physical appearance and electoral success in the 2008 congressional elections" American Politics Research 42:6 (2014): 1096–1117.
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Key references
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Berggren, N., Jordahl, H., Poutvaara, P. "The looks of a
winner: Beauty and electoral success" Journal of Public
Economics 94:1–2 (2010): 8–15. Key reference: [1]
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Poutvaara, P. "Facial appearance
and leadership: An overview and challenges for new
research" The Leadership
Quarterly 25:5 (2014): 801–804. Key reference: [2]
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Berggren, N., Jordahl, H., Poutvaara, P. "The right look:
Conservative politicians look better and voters reward
it" Journal of Public
Economics 146 (2017): 79–86. Key reference: [3]
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Todorov, A., Mandisodza, A. N., Goren, A., Hall, C. C. "Inferences of
competence from faces predict election outcomes" Science 308:5278 (2005): 1623–1626. Key reference: [4]
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Rosar, U., Klein, M., Beckers, T. "The frog pond
beauty contest: Physical attractiveness and electoral success of
the constituency candidates at the North Rhine-Westphalia state
election 2005" European Journal
of Political Research 47:1 (2008): 64–79. Key reference: [5]
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Banducci, S. A., Karp, J. A., Thrasher, M., Rallings, C. "Ballot photographs
as cues in low-information elections" Political
Psychology 29:6 (2008): 903–917. Key reference: [6]
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King, A., Leigh, A. "Beautiful
politicians" Kyklos 62:4 (2009): 579–593. Key reference: [7]
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Verhulst, B., Lodge, M., Lavine, H. "The attractiveness
halo: Why some candidates are perceived more favorably than
others" Journal of
Nonverbal Behavior 34:2 (2010): 111–117. Key reference: [8]
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Lenz, G. S., Lawson, C. "Looking the part:
Television leads less informed citizens to vote based on
candidates’ appearance" American Journal
of Political Science 55:3 (2011): 574–589. Key reference: [9]
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Hamermesh, D. S., Biddle, J. E. "Beauty and the
labor market" American Economic
Review 84:5 (1994): 1174–1194. Key reference: [10]
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Ahler, D. J., Citrin, J., Dougal, M. C., Lenz, G. S. "Face value?
Experimental evidence that candidate appearance influences
electoral choice" Political
Behavior 39:1 (2017): 77–102. Key reference: [11]
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Hamermesh, D. S. Beauty Pays: Why
Attractive People Are More Successful. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011. Key reference: [12]
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Berggren, N., Jordahl, H., Poutvaara, P. "The looks of a
winner: Beauty and electoral success" Journal of Public
Economics 94:1–2 (2010): 8–15.
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Additional References