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References for The shadow economy in industrial countries
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Further reading
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Key references
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Enste, D. H., Schwarzarbeit und Schattenwirtschaft—Argumente und Fakten zur nicht angemeldeten Erwerbstätigkeit in Deutschland und Europa. IW Report No. 9–2017, 2017. Key reference: [1]
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Enste, D. H., and F. Schneider. “Schwarzarbeit, Steuerhinterziehung und Finanzkrise.” Jahrbuch Schattenwirtschaft, Band 2. Vienna: Lit Verlag, 2011. Key reference: [2]
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OECD. Measuring the Non-Observed Economy—A Handbook. Paris: OECD Publications, 2002. Key reference: [3]
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EU-Commission. Undeclared Work in the European Union, Special Eurobarometer 498. European Union, 2020 Key reference: [4]
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Schneider, F., and D. H. Enste. “Shadow economies: Size, causes, and consequences.” Journal of Economic Literature 38:1 (2000): 77–114. Key reference: [5]
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Tanzi, V. “Uses and abuses of estimates of the underground economy.” Economic Journal 109:456 (1999): 338–347. Key reference: [6]
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Enste, D. H. Schattenwirtschaft und institutioneller Wandel. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2002. Key reference: [7]
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Johnson, S., D. Kaufmann, and P. Zoido-Lobatón. “Regulatory discretion and the unofficial economy.” The American Economic Review 88:2 (1998): 387–392. Key reference: [8]
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Schneider, F. “Shadow economies and corruption all over the world: New estimates for 145 countries.” Economics: The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal 1 (2007): 1–66. Key reference: [9]
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Enste, D. and C. Heldmann. "The consequences of corruption." In: Warf, B. (ed.) Handbook on the Geographies of corruption. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2018 Key reference: [10]
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Schneider, F. The Handbook on the Shadow Economy. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2011. Key reference: [11]
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Torgler, B., and F. Schneider. “The impact of tax morale and institutional quality on the shadow economy.” Journal of Economic Psychology 30:2 (2009): 228–245. Key reference: [12]
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Feld, L. P., and F. Schneider. “Survey on the shadow economy and undeclared earnings in OECD countries.” German Economic Review 11:2 (2010): 109–149. Key reference: [13]
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Enste, D. H., Schwarzarbeit und Schattenwirtschaft—Argumente und Fakten zur nicht angemeldeten Erwerbstätigkeit in Deutschland und Europa. IW Report No. 9–2017, 2017.
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Additional References
- Achim, M. V., M. M. Postea, and G. G. Noja. “New estimate of shadow economy based on the total energy consumption. Evidence from the European Union countries.” Energy Economics 130 (2024): 107335
- Alm, J., and B. Torgler. "Do ethics matter? Tax compliance and morality" Journal of Business Ethics 101:4 (2011): 635–651.
- Bajada, C., and F. Schneider. Size, Causes and Consequences of the Underground Economy: An International Perspective. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2005.
- Bhattacharyya, D. K. "On the economic rationale of estimating the hidden economy" The Economic Journal 109:456 (1999): 348–359.
- Bitzenis, A., V. Vlachos, and F. Schneider. "An exploration of the Greek shadow economy: can its transfer into the official economy provide economic relief amid the crisis?" Journal of Economic Issues 50:1 (2016): 165-196.
- Dreher, A., P. Méon, and F. Schneider. "The devil is in the shadow: Do institutions affect income and productivity or only official income and official productivity?" Public Choice 158:1−2 (2014): 121–141.
- D. H., and F. Schneider. "Wie groß ist die Schattenwirtschaft?" Des Rätsels Lösung, Wirtschaftsdienst—Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik 86:2 (2006): 185–191.
- Eurobarometer Undeclared Work in the European Union, 2007.
- Feige, E. L. "Reflections on the meaning and measurement of unobserved economies: what do we really know about the 'Shadow Economy' ?" Journal of Tax Administration 2:1 (2016): 5-40
- Frey, B. S., and H. Weck-Hannemann. "The hidden economy as an ‘unobserved’ variable." European Economic Review 26:1−2 (1984): 33–53.
- Friedman, E., S. Johnson, D. Kaufmann, and P. Zoido-Lobatón. "Dodging the grabbing hand: The determinants of unofficial activity in 69 countries" Journal of Public Economics 76:3 (2000): 459–493.
- Koufopoulou, P., C. C. Williams, A. Vozikis, and K. Souliotis. "Shadow Economy: Definitions, terms & theoretical considerations." Advances in Management and Applied Economics 9:5 (2019):35-57.
- Lippert, O., and M. Walker. The Underground Economy: Global Evidences of its Size and Impact. Vancouver: The Frazer Institute, 1997.
- Mara, E. R. "Drivers of the shadow economy in European Union welfare states: A panel data analysis." Economic Analysis and Policy 72 (2021): 309-325.
- Medina, L., and F. Schneider. "The Evolution of Shadow Economies through the 21st Century." In: The Global Informal Workforce. USA: International Monetary Fund, 2021.
- Remeikienė, R., L. Gasparėnienė, and F. Schneider. "The definition of digital shadow economy." Technological and economic development of economy. 24:2 (2018): 696–717.
- Rose-Ackerman, S. Corruption and Government: Causes, Consequences, and Reform. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
- Schneider, F. "Shadow economies around the world: What do we really know?" European Journal of Political Economy 21:3 (2005): 598–642.
- Schneider, F. "Shadow economies around the world: What do we really know?" European Journal of Political Economy 21:3 (2005): 598–642.
- Schneider, F., and D. H. Enste. (2013). The shadow economy: An international survey. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2013
- Thomas, J. J. "Quantifying the black economy: ‘Measurement without theory’ yet again?" The Economic Journal 109:456 (1999): 381–389.
- Williams, C. C., and F. Schneider. Measuring the Global Shadow Economy: the prevalence of informal work and labour. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2016.